Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo Da Vinci (15 April 1452 – 2 May 1519) was an Italian Renaissance genius, who was good at many things, but most famous as a painter.^[1] He was also a scientist, a mathematician, an engineer, an inventor, an anatomist, a sculptor, an architect, a botanist, a musician and writer. Leonardo was curious about everything in nature. He wanted to know how everything worked. He was very good at studying, designing and making all sorts of interesting things.^[2]

Many people think that Leonardo was one of the greatest painters of all time. Many people think that he was the most talented person ever to have lived.^[1] The art historian Helen Gardner said that no-one has ever been quite like him because he was interested in so many things that he seems to have had the mind of a giant, and yet what he was like as a person is still a mystery.^[3]

Leonardo was born at Vinci which is a small town near Florence in Italy. He was trained to be an artist by the sculptor and painter Verrocchio. He spent most of his life working for rich Italian noblemen. In his last years he lived in a beautiful home given to him by the King of France.

Leonardo could do all sorts of clever things, but he was most famous as a painter. Two of his pictures are among the best-known paintings in the world: the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. He did many drawings. The best-known drawing is the Vitruvian Man. It is so well known that even Homer Simpson and Garfield have been drawn in a square and a circle to look like the drawing. Leonardo was always thinking of new inventions. Most of his inventions were never made. However, we know his ideas, because he kept notebooks and wrote and drew in them very often. Some of the ideas that he thought of were a helicopter, a tank, a calculator, a robot and solar power.

The Works of Leonardo Da Vinci

Scientists Reveal Secrets of Successful Earth Magnets

Earth's core is gradually melting and freezing due to heat circulation of mantle rock. These findings help understand the formation of the Earth's core.

In addition to understanding the Earth's core formation, these findings can also be used to determine how the outer core acts like a magnetic field generating geodynamo.

"The origin of magnetic fields up to now remained a mystery to scientists," said researcher Jon Mound of Leeds.


"We can not get a core sample of the Earth, so we just rely on surface measurements and computer models to determine which occurred in the Earth's core," he continued.

The interior of the Earth's core of solid iron about the size of the Moon is surrounded by dynamic fluid outer core of iron-nickel-iron core that caused many freezes and melts.

Disappeared when the cold heat flow from the core into the mantle passed to the Earth's crust through a process of convection. Convection currents move warm coat to the surface and send back to the core mantle cold.

"Movement is what gives power 'geodynamo' to generate a magnetic field. Our new model provides a simple explanation of some confusing measurements of scientists for many years,"he concluded.

Sources of Greek Mythology Ancient Fossils


The Greeks have long been studying the fossils of ancient and is expected to make it as a source of inspiration of their myths. A piece of thigh bone ancient creatures thought to have become a source of inspiration in the creation myths of ancient Greeks.


Pieces of bone called bone Nichoria was part of a body of ancient giant mammals that lived in southern Greece about one million years ago.

After the ancient Greeks found it, came the wild creatures in classical Greek mythology that his inspiration comes from the bone.

According to Adrienne Mayor, a researcher Classics and History of Science at Stanford University, the fossils of ancient species of giant, like bone Nichoria, most likely a source of inspiration for the creation of the legendary wild creatures from classical mythology.

Furthermore, Major roots dig some classical Greek myths and found evidence indicating prehistoric fossils found in the same place the development of the myth of the giant creature emerged.

Major estimated that the ancient Greeks discovered the fossil bones in young coal basin in the study of prehistoric megalopolis that is known as the Battle of the Giants Field.

"The number of giant fossil bones at the site led to the myth of killing the entire army of giant neighbor by Zeus lightning blow," added Major.

Nichoria own bones found in an ancient Acropolis in Nichoria between 1969 and 1975 by archaeologists Minnesota Messenia Expedition team members.

The fact that the bones were kept in the Acropolis is located 35 miles from lignite where bones found indicate that the ancient Greeks have enormous interest in fossils.

Found, Graveyard 'Gods Jester' of the Maya

Archaeologists found the oldest tomb of an ancient Mayan ruler bearing the 'Gods Jester' from the year 350 BC. Based on a unique symbol, this is the evidence framework of the world's oldest royal party.



Found in a tomb under the house ruler in the region Holmul, northeast Guatelmala, the skeleton is estimated to belong to a man in his fifties years with good health condition before his death.

In addition to the god symbol Jester, at the tomb also shows seven tiles, jars, dishes and incense burners.
"We've found the tomb of the Maya who are older, but never found the royal tombs that include symbols like this," said John Tomasic from the University of Kansas, USA.

Under the site's archaeologists, experts also found the tunnel with a width of about 16 inches, wide enough to enter the human body. The place was estimated as the hall to the place of burial.

The results of this study revealed at a meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in Sacramento, California, United States. Previously, cemetery Mayan ruler of the year 100 BC was found at San Bartolo in 2005.

Successfully Archaeologists Find Dinosaur "Devil" Triassic Period

New dinosaur named "Evil Spirit Buck-Toothed Reptile" aka bad-toothed reptile spirits or demons in the scientific name Daemonosaurus chauliodus found in New Mexico. The devil is the oldest dinosaur link between dinosaurs and Jurassic species of theropod dinosaurs.



Dinosaurs that lived 205 million years ago was as high as a large dog with an unusual bone. So obviously Hans-Dieter Sues, vertebrate ancient experts at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington DC. "short snout and large front teeth," he said. He also added, "This type of bone structure is not thought at that time for the predatory dinosaurs."

The oldest known dinosaurs lived 230 million years ago, in the Triassic Period. After that, there is a big gap from fossil findings. Many experts estimate that early dinosaurs became extinct. "After that predators are more complicated to take over then the diversification at the turn of the Triassic to the Jurassic period," said Sues.

Daemonosaurus c is a bridgethat connects two groups of dinosaurs . Of the fossils were found, these dinosaurs had some evolutionary trait that links gap between the early dinosaur into a more modern dinosaurs. Based on the analysis of fossil finds, dinosaurs Triassic is characterized by several features of the Jurassic.

Triassic characteristics it has, for example, a small gap between the nostril and eye socket. Bone associated with air bag systems such as the lungs of birds are also still have primitive traits. Characteristic of more modern dinosaurs possessed Daemonosaurus c exist in the tooth.

"This is proof that dinosaurs had a wider distribution,"explained Sue.

Thanks to satellite 17 New Pyramid Discovered

Archaeologists from the University of Albaman, in Birmingham, Dr Sarah Parack and his team managed to analyze images taken from satellites orbiting 700 km above the earth, identified using infrared imaging to highlight the different materials under the surface, which allegedly is 17 pyramid is missing.

Not only that satellite that scans the 1000 tomb and more than 3,000 ancient settlements, which previously had been done before beginning excavation.

Launched by the BBC, satellite with infrared imaging is able to distinguish between ancient Egyptian mud bricks used to build structures and soil and earth. Mud bricks are more dense than the surrounding soil.

Sensing satellites to track the historical objects can be done because the citizens of the ancient Egyptians build houses made ​​of mud brick. Building structure was so dense pyramidal form of tapering similar homes easily detected.

"This is a site close to the surface. There are thousands more are covered by the silt of the Nile," said Sarah.

How to Determine Age Astronomers A Star?

For most people, when we see the stars in the sky, of course, we get that all the stars is near identical to each other. Star is a bright glowing ball of gas. The question is, how do we know how old the star?



Recently, astronomers have obtained a method to accurately determine the age of the star from observing how the star rotates. Played like a top on the table, then how fast or slow rotation of the star can be a determinant of time what is the age of a star.

These comments were made by astronomers named Soren Meibom of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics at the American Astronomical Society meeting 218.


Why do astronomers need to understand the age of a star?

Assessment of age stars have a very important role in various studies in astronomy, in particular of course to search for planets outside the solar system, studying how the formation, development, and why every planetary systems that have been found so unique from one another.

By knowing the age of a star, then we can determine the age of planets, and whether there may be a life that had grown out there.


The older age of the planet, the greater the possibility of life forms, because as has been known planetary systems are at a star usually formed simultaneously with the birth star itself.

Knowing the age of stars tend to be easy to determine if stars will be measured it was in a star cluster system.

Basic knowledge of astronomy is to obtain the relationship of color and brightness of stars in the cluster in order to determine the age group, but his condition would become very difficult when the star to be determined age are not in a single cluster system.

As the stars that have been found to have planetary systems, most are not in the group, so determining the age of a challenge in the study of astronomy.

Research conducted by Meibon et al use the observations of the Kepler spacecraft, by measuring the ratio of rotation on a 1 billion year old cluster called NGC 6811.

NGC 6811

Present Possible White Hole in the Universe


You ever heard of black holes? He is a dark gap in space which suck all the things around him and threw him to the nothingness of space. Now some scientists say that once there is evidence of the opposite of black holes.

The opposite of black holes, white holes or white holes do not suck things around but spewing out material coming from the middle of nowhere into our universe.


Our own universe is a strange place, and the black hole is one of the most bizarre thing that is present in it. But mathematically, a black hole should be reversed, that is, there is something that spew material, do not suck.

Quoted from Dvice, white holes operate with a different mode with a black hole. They suddenly appear for a short period of time. They then threw a number of materials into their own universe and then collapse, forming black hole and then never looked back.

Behavior white hole like this is very difficult to observe. But researchers believe they have found one of them.

In 2005, a shot of gamma rays had recorded but did not come together with the presence of a supernova that is generally triggered the burst of gamma rays. There is a possibility, he was present due to the collapse of a white hole.

What is interesting about the white hole is the formation of their material similar to the so-called Big Bang, or so-called phenomenon of the formation of an entire universe. This makes the white hole also called 'Small Bangs'.

White holes do not have spatial coordinates and exact time and could not be detected at all. They can suddenly appear at any time, anywhere and carry on their work before returning to disappear.

So far, the existence of white holes is still a conjecture. However, the black hole also is alleged to exist only really known in recent decades. And as was said by the physicist Murray Gell-Mann, whatever is not forbidden is compulsory.

That is, at least from a quantum mechanical point of view, there must be a white hole in one corner of the universe.