The greenhouse effect

The greenhouse effect, which was first proposed by Joseph Fourier in 1824, is a process of heating the surface of an object (especially a planet or satellite) caused by the composition and state of the atmosphere.

Mars, Venus, and other celestial bodies beratmosfer (such as a natural satellite of Saturn, Titan) have greenhouse effect, but this article only discusses the influence on the Earth. The greenhouse effect for each of the heavenly bodies had to be discussed in each article.

The greenhouse effect can be used to designate two different things: the natural greenhouse effect which occurs naturally in the earth, and the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities (see also global warming). A rear accepted by all; the first accepted by most scientists, although there are some differences of opinion.


Cause


The greenhouse effect caused by rising concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gases in the atmosphere. The increase in CO2 concentration is caused by increased burning of fuel oil, coal and other organic fuels which exceed the ability of plants and oceans to absorb them.

Energy into the Earth:

* 25% reflected by clouds or other particles in the atmosphere
* 25% absorbed by clouds
* 45% absorbed by the earth's surface
* 5% reflected back by the earth's surface

The absorbed energy reflected back in the form of infrared radiation by the clouds and the earth's surface. But most of the infrared emitted by the clouds and the earth retained CO2 and other gases, to be returned to the earth's surface. Under normal circumstances, the greenhouse effect is required, with the greenhouse effect temperature difference between day and night on earth is not too much different.

Besides CO2, which can cause the greenhouse effect is sulfur dioxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and some organic compounds such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). These gases play an important role in enhancing the greenhouse effect.

Result

Increasing the temperature of the earth's surface will result in a very extreme climate changes on earth. This can lead to disruption of forests and other ecosystems, thereby reducing its ability to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Global warming caused the melting of icebergs in the polar regions that could lead to rising sea levels. The greenhouse effect will also lead to rising sea temperatures that occur sea water expands and sea level rise which resulted in the island nation will get a very big influence.

According to the simulation calculation, the greenhouse effect has increased the Earth's average temperature 1-5 ° C. If the trend of increased greenhouse gases remain as it is now global warming will cause an increase between 1.5 to 4.5 ° C around the year 2030. With increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, the more heat waves reflected from the surface of the earth's atmosphere is absorbed. This will cause the earth's surface temperature to rise.